Radiative Corrections from Lattice QCD: Connecting Precision Measurements to Tests of the Standard Model
by
Large Seminar Room
As precision tests of the Standard Model, such as CKM unitarity and lepton flavor universality, enter the sub-percent era, radiative corrections become indispensable for identifying small deviations that could signal new physics. Predicting them is highly challenging, as they intertwine long-distance QED with nonperturbative QCD and therefore require lattice QCD+QED calculations with controlled finite-volume systematics.
I will present an approach that treats the photon in infinite volume, strongly suppressing the finite-volume effects that have limited previous calculations. For first-row CKM unitarity, where current data show a tension with the Standard Model, we turn the isospin-breaking correction to kaon and pion leptonic decays from a leading into a subleading source of uncertainty. For lepton flavor universality, which the PIONEER experiment aims to test to 0.01% through the pion decay ratio $R_{e/\mu}$, we present the first lattice calculation of the hadronic-structure correction, giving a first-principles prediction of matching precision. In radiative leptonic decays, we find that higher-order corrections, enhanced by large collinear logarithms, reach 10% and explain significant discrepancies between theory and experiment, with direct implications for the ongoing NA62 measurement. Finally, I will discuss ongoing extensions of the method beyond leptonic decays and the opportunities they open for future precision tests of the Standard Model.
Peter Boyle